Skip to content

SQL Functions

Knowhere supports 100+ built-in functions via Apache DataFusion.

Aggregate Functions

Function Description
COUNT(*) Count all rows
COUNT(column) Count non-null values
SUM(column) Sum of values
AVG(column) Average of values
MIN(column) Minimum value
MAX(column) Maximum value
STDDEV(column) Standard deviation
VARIANCE(column) Variance
ARRAY_AGG(column) Collect into array
STRING_AGG(column, sep) Concatenate with separator

String Functions

Function Description
CONCAT(a, b, ...) Concatenate strings
LENGTH(str) String length
UPPER(str) Convert to uppercase
LOWER(str) Convert to lowercase
TRIM(str) Remove whitespace
SUBSTRING(str, start, len) Extract substring
REPLACE(str, from, to) Replace occurrences
SPLIT_PART(str, delim, n) Split and get nth part
REGEXP_MATCH(str, pattern) Regex match
REGEXP_REPLACE(str, pattern, replacement) Regex replace

Date/Time Functions

Function Description
NOW() Current timestamp
CURRENT_DATE Current date
EXTRACT(part FROM date) Extract date part
DATE_TRUNC(precision, date) Truncate to precision
DATE_PART(part, date) Get date part
TO_TIMESTAMP(str, format) Parse timestamp

Math Functions

Function Description
ABS(x) Absolute value
CEIL(x) Round up
FLOOR(x) Round down
ROUND(x, d) Round to d decimals
POWER(x, y) x raised to y
SQRT(x) Square root
LOG(x) Natural logarithm
EXP(x) e^x

Conditional Functions

Function Description
COALESCE(a, b, ...) First non-null value
NULLIF(a, b) Null if a = b
CASE WHEN ... THEN ... END Conditional expression

Type Conversion

-- Cast to different types
CAST(column AS INTEGER)
CAST(column AS VARCHAR)
CAST(column AS TIMESTAMP)
CAST(column AS DOUBLE)